This postcard shows women soldiers in the IDF marching in a Yom Ha’atzmaut (Independence Day) parade. The women are dressed in green army uniforms and holding rifles as they march proudly down the street.
The text on the postcard reads: “Tzahal – Israel’s Defence Forces.” On May 26, 1948, the new Israeli army was named the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) by the Israeli cabinet. The name was chosen to convey that the purpose of the army was defending Israel from attack. The Hebrew name – Tzva Hahganah Le’Yisrael – also incorporates the name of the Hagana, the IDF’s precursor during the British Mandate period.
In the background of the photograph are Israeli flags and decorations, which have been placed along the street as is customary on Yom Ha’atzmaut.
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Women in the IDF -The IDF (Israel Defense Forces) is one of the only armies in the world with mandatory army service for women. Women participated in the military even before the establishment of the State of Israel, serving in the paramilitary organisations such as Hashomer, Hagana, Palmach, and Etzel. In 1948, with the founding of the State, military service was made compulsory for all men and women over the age of 18. Women enlist in the IDF for two years, and after basic training they serve in a variety of duties. While a majority of the female soldiers work in non-combat roles such as clerks, welfare officers, nurses, and instructors, most of the roles in the IDF are open to female soldiers, including service in combat units. In fact, in recent years there has been a huge increase in the number of women serving in combat units, leading to a ongoing public debate about the necessity, effectivity, and even justification of their role in these units. Some women chose to be exempted from military service on religious grounds. Of these religious women, many choose instead to do Sherut Leumi (national service) in civilian institutions.
IDF Military Parades - Israel held military parades each year on Yom Ha’atzmaut from 1968. The last military parade was held in 1973 in honour of Israel’s 25th anniversary. The tradition of military parades ended due to budgetary concerns and, perhaps, changes in Israeli society. Today, the IDF opens many of its bases on Yom Ha’atzmaut and holds weapon exhibitions.
