This photograph is one of a collection of black and white prints depicting various stages of World War I in Israel. It shows Australian troops who were attached to the British army entering Jerusalem. They can be identified by several unique characteristics: they are mounted on tall horses, wearing wide-brimmed hats, and have high collars on their uniforms. Next to them is a man in Arab dress. Observers can be seen on the roofs of the houses along the street. The sign on the shop is in Arabic.
The Australian cavalry took part in the fighting on various fronts including Palestine. They are best known for their assault on Be’er Sheva, conquering the city after a long day of fighting. The Australians were not cavalry in the strictest sense but rather foot soldiers on horseback. The horses transported the fighters to the front line, where they dismounted and continued on foot. In the Battle of Beersheba, however, in an unusual and unplanned manner, the Australian soldiers charged the defensive positions and jumped over the trenches. This attack is considered one of the most unique incursions in military history.
The British invaded the territory of the Ottoman Empire through the Sinai Desert. After several setbacks on other fronts, the British government demanded that General Allenby conquer Jerusalem as a gift to the British Empire. The British saw Israel as not only an occupation of strategic importance but also an important boost to morale throughout the Empire.
